rupture of urinary bladder: an experience with 55 cases in shiraz

we reviewed 55 cases with trauma to the urinary bladder. blunt trauma was the cause of injury in 78 percent of cases and associated pelvic fracture was present in 75 percent. eighty percent of extraperitoneal ruptures were associated with fracture of the pelvis. the most common cause of trauma was car accident (63%), followed by war injury (20%). nearly two-thirds of patients (63 %) had extraperitoneal rupture. the most common presentation was gross hematuria (49%), followed by abdominal pain and tenderness (38%). in 24 patients, diagnosis was made by retrograde cystography, in 9 patients by intravenous pyelography and the remaining patients were diagnosed by physical examination and diagnostic laparotomy. all of the patients were treated by surgical repair. mortality rate was two percent.